Briefing | Fiat lex

The obscure Senate functionary whose word is law

Elizabeth MacDonough does more to shape legislation than most congressmen

A portrait of Elizabeth McDonough
Illustration: The Economist/U.S. Senate
|3 min read

SENATORS, ALAS, are not much like nuns. But the Senate itself bears a certain resemblance to a convent, with its hushed halls, arcane rituals and air of separation from real life. Above all, it has a Mother Superior, who is a stickler for the rules. She is immune to criticism and flattery. Her work is dull and thankless. In theory she answers to a higher power. In practice she is almighty. She is the Senate parliamentarian.

Explore more

This article appeared in the Briefing section of the print edition under the headline “Fiat lex”

From the July 5th 2025 edition

Discover stories from this section and more in the list of contents

Explore the edition
A photo illustration showing aggressive firecrackers erupting from the U.S. Capitol

The big beautiful bill reveals the hollowness of Trumponomics

Republicans mark America’s birthday with a profligate but insubstantial law

A conceptual illustration showing the link between defense and the economy: at the center, a ticking clock symbolizes urgency, while behind it, costly weapons spin like gears, emphasizing rising demands and accelerating military spending.

The war in Ukraine shows the West can re-arm without re-industrialising

Industrial capacity in peacetime is no longer necessary for success during war


People walk past a mural depicting Iranian missiles in Tehran

How much did America’s bombs damage Iran’s nuclear programme?

Assessments vary wildly and it is impossible to know for sure


Israel’s war with Iran is over

But its impact is uncertain

Israel’s blitz on Iran is fraught with uncertainty

Much hinges on the stubborn supreme leader and America’s mercurial president

Israel’s race to kill Iran’s nuclear dream

If it fails the regime could make a frantic dash for a bomb