Science & technology | A trial on trial

A landmark study of gender medicine is caught in an ethics row

Some say the trial is unethical. Others, that not doing it would be immoral

Illustration of a syringe standing upright against a bright yellow background. At the top of the syringe are two red directional signs pointing in opposite directions, labeled 'YES' and 'NO'
Illustration: Alberto Miranda
|6 min read

ONE REASON that transgender medicine is such a fraught topic is that there is little evidence behind the arguments. When Hilary Cass, a British paediatrician, reviewed the field for an influential report published in 2024, she noted that most of the science underlying the prescription of puberty blockers and cross-sex hormones to teenagers (an approach called “gender-affirming care”) was “remarkably weak”.

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This article appeared in the Science & technology section of the print edition under the headline “Trials on trial”

From the May 3rd 2025 edition

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